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MySQL在ROW模式下如何经过binlog提取SQL语句

发布时间：2022-01-12 06:49:26 所属栏目：MySql教程 来源：互联网
导读：小编给大家分享一下MySQL在ROW模式下如何通过binlog提取SQL语句，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后都有所收获，下面让我们一起去探讨吧！ Linux 基于row模式的binlog，生成DML(insert/update/delete)的rollback语句 通过mysqlbinlog -v 解析binlog生成可读的sql
       小编给大家分享一下MySQL在ROW模式下如何通过binlog提取SQL语句，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后都有所收获，下面让我们一起去探讨吧！
 
Linux
      基于row模式的binlog，生成DML(insert/update/delete)的rollback语句
      通过mysqlbinlog -v 解析binlog生成可读的sql文件
    提取需要处理的有效sql
  "### "开头的行.如果输入的start-position位于某个event group中间，则会导致"无法识别event"错误
 
 
将INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE 的sql反转,并且1个完整sql只能占1行
  INSERT: INSERT INTO => DELETE FROM, SET => WHERE
  UPDATE: WHERE => SET, SET => WHERE
  DELETE: DELETE FROM => INSERT INTO, WHERE => SET
用列名替换位置@{1,2,3}
  通过desc table获得列顺序及对应的列名
  特殊列类型value做特别处理
逆序
 
 
注意:
  表结构与现在的表结构必须相同[谨记]
  由于row模式是幂等的，并且恢复是一次性，所以只提取sql，不提取BEGIN/COMMIT
  只能对INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE进行处理
 
mysql> select * from yoon;
+----------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name | last_update         |
+----------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
|        1 | HANK       | YOON      | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
|        2 | HANK       | YOON      | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
|        3 | HANK       | YOON      | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
|        4 | HANK       | YOON      | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
|        5 | HANK       | YOON      | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
|        6 | HANK       | YOON      | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
|        7 | HANK       | YOON      | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
|        8 | HANK       | YOON      | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
|        9 | HANK       | YOON      | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
|       10 | HANK       | YOON      | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
|       11 | HANK       | YOON      | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
+----------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
11 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 
mysql> delete from yoon;
Query OK, 11 rows affected (1.03 sec)
 
 
mysql> select * from yoon;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
 
命令之间的空格一定要注意，否则就会无法提取SQL语句：
[root@hank-yoon data]# perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/export/data/mysql/data/yoon.sql' -u 'root' -p 'yoon'
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@hank-yoon data]# ls
auto.cnf            hank     ibdata2      ib_logfile1  modify.pl  mysql-bin.000001  performance_schema  test  yoon.sql
binlog-rollback.pl  ibdata1  ib_logfile0  ib_logfile2  mysql      mysql-bin.index   sakila              yoon
[root@hank-yoon data]# cat yoon.sql
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=11, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=10, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=9, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=8, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=7, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=6, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=5, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=4, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=3, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=2, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=1, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
 
mysql> INSERT INTO `yoon`.`yoon` SET `actor_id`=11, `first_name`='HANK', `last_name`='YOON', `last_update`=from_unixtime(1139949273);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
 
 
mysql> select * from yoon;
+----------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
| actor_id | first_name | last_name | last_update         |
+----------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
|       11 | HANK       | YOON      | 2006-02-15 04:34:33 |
+----------+------------+-----------+---------------------+
 
 
 
 
点击(此处)折叠或打开
 
#!/usr/lib/perl -w
use strict;
use warnings;
use Class::Struct;
use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_ignore_case);                    # GetOption
# register handler system signals
use sigtrap 'handler', &sig_int, 'normal-signals';
# catch signal
sub sig_int(){
    my ($signals) = @_;
    print STDERR "# Caught SIG$signals.n";
    exit 1;
}
my %opt;
my $srcfile;
my $host = '127.0.0.1';
my $port = 3306;
my ($user,$pwd);
my ($MYSQL, $MYSQLBINLOG, $ROLLBACK_DML);
my $outfile = '/dev/null';
my (%do_dbs,%do_tbs);
# tbname=>tbcol, tbcol: @n=>colname,type
my %tbcol_pos;
my $SPLITER_COL = ',';
my $SQLTYPE_IST = 'INSERT';
my $SQLTYPE_UPD = 'UPDATE';
my $SQLTYPE_DEL = 'DELETE';
my $SQLAREA_WHERE = 'WHERE';
my $SQLAREA_SET = 'SET';
my $PRE_FUNCT = '========================== ';
# =========================================================
# 基于row模式的binlog，生成DML(insert/update/delete)的rollback语句
# 通过mysqlbinlog -v 解析binlog生成可读的sql文件
# 提取需要处理的有效sql
#     "### "开头的行.如果输入的start-position位于某个event group中间，则会导致"无法识别event"错误
#
# 将INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE 的sql反转,并且1个完整sql只能占1行
#     INSERT: INSERT INTO => DELETE FROM, SET => WHERE
#     UPDATE: WHERE => SET, SET => WHERE
#     DELETE: DELETE FROM => INSERT INTO, WHERE => SET
# 用列名替换位置@{1,2,3}
#     通过desc table获得列顺序及对应的列名
#     特殊列类型value做特别处理
# 逆序
#
# 注意:
#     表结构与现在的表结构必须相同[谨记]
#     由于row模式是幂等的，并且恢复是一次性，所以只提取sql，不提取BEGIN/COMMIT
#     只能对INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE进行处理
# ========================================================
sub main{
    # get input option
    &get_options();
    #
    &init_tbcol();
    #
    &do_binlog_rollback();
}
&main();
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Func : get options and set option flag
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub get_options{
    #Get options info
    GetOptions(%opt,
        'help',                    # OUT : print help info
        'f|srcfile=s',            # IN : binlog file
        'o|outfile=s',            # out : output sql file
        'h|host=s',                # IN : host
        'u|user=s', # IN : user
        'p|password=s', # IN : password
        'P|port=i',                # IN : port
        'start-datetime=s',        # IN : start datetime
        'stop-datetime=s',        # IN : stop datetime
        'start-position=i',        # IN : start position
        'stop-position=i',        # IN : stop position
        'd|database=s',            # IN : database, split comma
        'T|table=s',            # IN : table, split comma
        'i|ignore',                # IN : ignore binlog check ddl and so on
        'debug',                # IN : print debug information
     ) or print_usage();
    if (!scalar(%opt)) {
        &print_usage();
    }
    # Handle for options
    if ($opt{'f'}){
        $srcfile = $opt{'f'};
    }else{
        &merror("please input binlog file");
    }
    $opt{'h'} and $host = $opt{'h'};
    $opt{'u'} and $user = $opt{'u'};
    $opt{'p'} and $pwd = $opt{'p'};
    $opt{'P'} and $port = $opt{'P'};
    if ($opt{'o'}) {
        $outfile = $opt{'o'};
        # 清空 outfile
        `echo '' > $outfile`;
    }
    #
    $MYSQL = qq{mysql -h$host -u$user -p'$pwd' -P$port};
    &mdebug("get_options::MYSQLnt$MYSQL");
    # 提取binlog,不需要显示列定义信息，用-v，而不用-vv
    $MYSQLBINLOG = qq{mysqlbinlog -v};
    $MYSQLBINLOG .= " --start-position=".$opt{'start-position'} if $opt{'start-position'};
    $MYSQLBINLOG .= " --stop-position=".$opt{'stop-position'} if $opt{'stop-postion'};
    $MYSQLBINLOG .= " --start-datetime='".$opt{'start-datetime'}."'" if $opt{'start-datetime'};
    $MYSQLBINLOG .= " --stop-datetime='$opt{'stop-datetime'}'" if $opt{'stop-datetime'};
    $MYSQLBINLOG .= " $srcfile";
    &mdebug("get_options::MYSQLBINLOGnt$MYSQLBINLOG");
    # 检查binlog中是否含有 ddl sql: CREATE|ALTER|DROP|RENAME
    &check_binlog() unless ($opt{'i'});
    # 不使用mysqlbinlog过滤，USE dbname;方式可能会漏掉某些sql，所以不在mysqlbinlog过滤
    # 指定数据库
    if ($opt{'d'}){
        my @dbs = split(/,/,$opt{'d'});
        foreach my $db (@dbs){
            $do_dbs{$db}=1;
        }
    }
    # 指定表
    if ($opt{'T'}){
        my @tbs = split(/,/,$opt{'T'});
        foreach my $tb (@tbs){
            $do_tbs{$tb}=1;
        }
    }
    # 提取有效DML SQL
    $ROLLBACK_DML = $MYSQLBINLOG." | grep '^### '";
    # 去掉注释: '### ' -> ''
    # 删除首尾空格
    $ROLLBACK_DML .= " | sed 's/###s*//g;s/s*$//g'";
    &mdebug("rollback dmlnt$ROLLBACK_DML");
    # 检查内容是否为空
    my $cmd = "$ROLLBACK_DML | wc -l";
    &mdebug("check contain dml sqlnt$cmd");
    my $size = `$cmd`;
    chomp($size);
    unless ($size >0){
        &merror("binlog DML is empty:$ROLLBACK_DML");
    };
}    
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Func : check binlog contain DDL
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub check_binlog{
    &mdebug("$PRE_FUNCT check_binlog");
    my $cmd = "$MYSQLBINLOG ";
    $cmd .= " | grep -E -i '^(CREATE|ALTER|DROP|RENAME)' ";
    &mdebug("check binlog has DDL cmdnt$cmd");
    my $ddlcnt = `$cmd`;
    chomp($ddlcnt);
    my $ddlnum = `$cmd | wc -l`;
    chomp($ddlnum);
    my $res = 0;
    if ($ddlnum>0){
        # 在ddl sql前面加上前缀<DDL>
        $ddlcnt = `echo '$ddlcnt' | sed 's/^//g'`;
        &merror("binlog contain $ddlnum DDL:$MYSQLBINLOG. ddl sql:n$ddlcnt");
    }
    return $res;
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Func : init all table column order
#        if input --database --table params, only get set table column order
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub init_tbcol{
    &mdebug("$PRE_FUNCT init_tbcol");
    # 提取DML语句
    my $cmd .= "$ROLLBACK_DML | grep -E '^(INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE)'";
    # 提取表名，并去重
    #$cmd .= " | awk '{if ($1 ~ "^UPDATE") {print $2}else {print $3}}' | uniq ";
    $cmd .= " | awk '{if ($1 ~ "^UPDATE") {print $2}else {print $3}}' | sort | uniq ";
    &mdebug("get table name cmdnt$cmd");
    open ALLTABLE, "$cmd | " or die "can't open file:$cmdn";
    while (my $tbname = <ALLTABLE>){
        chomp($tbname);
        #if (exists $tbcol_pos{$tbname}){
        #    next;
        #}
        &init_one_tbcol($tbname) unless (&ignore_tb($tbname));
    }
    close ALLTABLE or die "can't close file:$cmdn";
    # init tb col
    foreach my $tb (keys %tbcol_pos){
        &mdebug("tbname->$tb");
        my %colpos = %{$tbcol_pos{$tb}};
        foreach my $pos (keys %colpos){
            my $col = $colpos{$pos};
            my ($cname,$ctype) = split(/$SPLITER_COL/, $col);
            &mdebug("tpos->$pos,cname->$cname,ctype->$ctype");
        }
    }
};
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Func : init one table column order
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub init_one_tbcol{
    my $tbname = shift;
    &mdebug("$PRE_FUNCT init_one_tbcol");
    # 获取表结构及列顺序
    my $cmd = $MYSQL." --skip-column-names --silent -e 'desc $tbname'";
    # 提取列名，并拼接
    $cmd .= " | awk -F't' '{print NR"$SPLITER_COL`"$1"`$SPLITER_COL"$2}'";
    &mdebug("get table column infor cmdnt$cmd");
    open TBCOL,"$cmd | " or die "can't open desc $tbname;";
    my %colpos;
    while (my $line = <TBCOL>){
        chomp($line);
        my ($pos,$col,$coltype) = split(/$SPLITER_COL/,$line);
        &mdebug("linesss=$linenttpos=$posnttcol=$colntttype=$coltype");
        $colpos{$pos} = $col.$SPLITER_COL.$coltype;
    }
    close TBCOL or die "can't colse desc $tbname";
    $tbcol_pos{$tbname} = %colpos;
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Func : rollback sql:    INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub do_binlog_rollback{
    my $binlogfile = "$ROLLBACK_DML ";
    &mdebug("$PRE_FUNCT do_binlog_rollback");
    # INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE
    my $sqltype;
    # WHERE|SET
    my $sqlarea;
    my ($tbname, $sqlstr) = ('', '');
    my ($notignore, $isareabegin) = (0,0);
    # output sql file
    open SQLFILE, ">> $outfile" or die "Can't open sql file:$outfile";
    # binlog file
    open BINLOG, "$binlogfile |" or die "Can't open file: $binlogfile";
    while (my $line = <BINLOG>){
        chomp($line);
        if ($line =~ /^(INSERT|UPDATE|DELETE)/){
            # export sql
            if ($sqlstr ne ''){
                $sqlstr .= ";n";
                print SQLFILE $sqlstr;
                &mdebug("export sqlnt".$sqlstr);
                $sqlstr = '';
            }
            if ($line =~ /^INSERT/){
                $sqltype = $SQLTYPE_IST;
                $tbname = `echo '$line' | awk '{print $3}'`;
                chomp($tbname);
                $sqlstr = qq{DELETE FROM $tbname};
            }elsif ($line =~ /^UPDATE/){
                $sqltype = $SQLTYPE_UPD;
                $tbname = `echo '$line' | awk '{print $2}'`;
                chomp($tbname);
                $sqlstr = qq{UPDATE $tbname};
            }elsif ($line =~ /^DELETE/){
                $sqltype = $SQLTYPE_DEL;    
                $tbname = `echo '$line' | awk '{print $3}'`;
                chomp($tbname);
                $sqlstr = qq{INSERT INTO $tbname};
            }
            # check ignore table
            if(&ignore_tb($tbname)){
                $notignore = 0;
                &mdebug("#IGNORE#:line:".$line);
                $sqlstr = '';
            }else{
                $notignore = 1;
                &mdebug("#DO#:line:".$line);
            }
        }else {
            if($notignore){
                &merror("can't get tbname") unless (defined($tbname));
                if ($line =~ /^WHERE/){
                    $sqlarea = $SQLAREA_WHERE;
                    $sqlstr .= qq{ SET};
                    $isareabegin = 1;
                }elsif ($line =~ /^SET/){
                    $sqlarea = $SQLAREA_SET;
                    $sqlstr .= qq{ WHERE};
                    $isareabegin = 1;
                }elsif ($line =~ /^@/){
                    $sqlstr .= &deal_col_value($tbname, $sqltype, $sqlarea, $isareabegin, $line);
                    $isareabegin = 0;
                }else{
                    &mdebug("::unknown sql:".$line);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    # export last sql
    if ($sqlstr ne ''){
        $sqlstr .= ";n";
        print SQLFILE $sqlstr;
        &mdebug("export sqlnt".$sqlstr);
    }
    close BINLOG or die "Can't close binlog file: $binlogfile";
    close SQLFILE or die "Can't close out sql file: $outfile";
    # 逆序
    # 1!G: 只有第一行不执行G, 将hold space中的内容append回到pattern space
    # h: 将pattern space 拷贝到hold space
    # $!d: 除最后一行都删除
    my $invert = "sed -i '1!G;h;$!d' $outfile";
    my $res = `$invert`;
    &mdebug("inverter order sqlfile :$invert");
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Func : transfer column pos to name
#    deal column value
#
# &deal_col_value($tbname, $sqltype, $sqlarea, $isareabegin, $line);
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub deal_col_value($$$$$){
    my ($tbname, $sqltype, $sqlarea, $isareabegin, $line) = @_;
    &mdebug("$PRE_FUNCT deal_col_value");
    &mdebug("input:tbname->$tbname,type->$sqltype,area->$sqlarea,areabegin->$isareabegin,line->$line");
    my @vals = split(/=/, $line);
    my $pos = substr($vals[0],1);
    my $valstartpos = length($pos)+2;
    my $val = substr($line,$valstartpos);
    my %tbcol = %{$tbcol_pos{$tbname}};
    my ($cname,$ctype) = split(/$SPLITER_COL/,$tbcol{$pos});
    &merror("can't get $tbname column $cname type") unless (defined($cname) || defined($ctype));
    &mdebug("column infor:cname->$cname,type->$ctype");
    # join str
    my $joinstr;
    if ($isareabegin){
        $joinstr = ' ';
    }else{
        # WHERE 被替换为 SET, 使用 , 连接
        if ($sqlarea eq $SQLAREA_WHERE){
            $joinstr = ', ';
        # SET 被替换为 WHERE 使用 AND 连接
        }elsif ($sqlarea eq $SQLAREA_SET){
            $joinstr = ' AND ';
        }else{
            &merror("!!!!!!The scripts error");
        }
    }
    #
    my $newline = $joinstr;
    # NULL value
    if (($val eq 'NULL') && ($sqlarea eq $SQLAREA_SET)){
        $newline .= qq{ $cname IS NULL};
    }else{
        # timestamp: record seconds
        if ($ctype eq 'timestamp'){
            $newline .= qq{$cname=from_unixtime($val)};
        # datetime: @n=yyyy-mm-dd hh::ii::ss
        }elsif ($ctype eq 'datetime'){
            $newline .= qq{$cname='$val'};
        }else{
            $newline .= qq{$cname=$val};
        }
    }
    &mdebug("told>$linentnew>$newline");
    return $newline;
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Func : check is ignore table
# params: IN table full name #  format:`dbname`.`tbname`
# RETURN：
#        0 not ignore
#        1 ignore
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub ignore_tb($){
    my $fullname = shift;
    # 删除`
    $fullname =~ s/`//g;
    my ($dbname,$tbname) = split(/./,$fullname);
    my $res = 0;
    # 指定了数据库
    if ($opt{'d'}){
        # 与指定库相同
        if ($do_dbs{$dbname}){
            # 指定表
            if ($opt{'T'}){
                # 与指定表不同
                unless ($do_tbs{$tbname}){
                    $res = 1;
                }
            }
        # 与指定库不同
        }else{
            $res = 1;
        }
    }
    #&mdebug("Table check ignore:$fullname->$res");
    return $res;
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Func : print debug msg
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub mdebug{
    my (@msg) = @_;
    print "@msgn" if ($opt{'debug'});
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Func : print error msg and exit
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub merror{
    my (@msg) = @_;
    print ":@msgn";
    &print_usage();
    exit(1);
}
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Func : print usage
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sub print_usage{
    print <<EOF;
==========================================================================================
Command line options :
    --help                # OUT : print help info
    -f, --srcfile            # IN : binlog file. [required]
    -o, --outfile            # OUT : output sql file. [required]
    -h, --host            # IN : host. default '127.0.0.1'
    -u, --user            # IN : user. [required]
    -p, --password            # IN : password. [required]
    -P, --port            # IN : port. default '3306'
    --start-datetime        # IN : start datetime
    --stop-datetime            # IN : stop datetime
    --start-position        # IN : start position
    --stop-position            # IN : stop position
    -d, --database            # IN : database, split comma
    -T, --table            # IN : table, split comma. [required] set -d
    -i, --ignore            # IN : ignore binlog check contain DDL(CREATE|ALTER|DROP|RENAME)
    --debug                # IN : print debug information
Sample :
   shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd'
   shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' -i
   shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' --debug
   shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -h '192.168.1.2' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' -P 3307
   shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' --start-position=107
   shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' --start-position=107 --stop-position=10000
   shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.000001' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' -d 'db1,db2'
   shell> perl binlog-rollback.pl -f 'mysql-bin.0000*' -o '/tmp/t.sql' -u 'user' -p 'pwd' -d 'db1,db2' -T 'tb1,tb2'
==========================================================================================
EOF
    exit;
}
1;
看完了这篇文章，相信你对“MySQL在ROW模式下如何通过binlog提取SQL语句”有了一定的了解。

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