理解亚马逊 Amazon AWS CloudFormation

“DBAllocatedStorage” : {
“Default”: “5”,
“Description” : “The size of the database (Gb)”,
“Type”: “Number”,
“MinValue”: “5”,
“MaxValue”: “1024”,
“ConstraintDescription” : “must be between 5 and 1024Gb.”
},
“SSHLocation” : {
“Description” : ” The IP address range that can be used to SSH to the EC2 instances”,
“MinLength”: “9”,
“MaxLength”: “18”,
“Default”: “0.0.0.0/0”,
“AllowedPattern”: “(d{1,3}).(d{1,3})/(d{1,2})”,
“ConstraintDescription”: “must be a valid IP CIDR range of the form x.x.x.x/x.”
}
},

//EC2的配置与CPU架构的映射关系.t1.micro是EC2的一个配置,用户只能选择某个EC2配置,而不能随意指定.
//EC2的配置包含CPU内存的配置.
“Mappings” : {
“AWSInstanceType2Arch” : {
“t1.micro” : { “Arch” : “64” },
“m1.small” : { “Arch” : “64” },
“m1.medium” : { “Arch” : “64” },
“m1.large” : { “Arch” : “64” },
“m1.xlarge” : { “Arch” : “64” },
“m2.xlarge” : { “Arch” : “64” },
“m2.2xlarge” : { “Arch” : “64” },
“m2.4xlarge” : { “Arch” : “64” },
“m3.xlarge” : { “Arch” : “64” },
“m3.2xlarge” : { “Arch” : “64” },
“c1.medium” : { “Arch” : “64” },
“c1.xlarge” : { “Arch” : “64” },
“cc1.4xlarge” : { “Arch” : “64HVM” },
“cc2.8xlarge” : { “Arch” : “64HVM” },
“cg1.4xlarge” : { “Arch” : “64HVM” }
},

//AMI与CPU架构和AWS Zone的映射关系.AMI是AWS Machine Image,对应传统服务器就是镜像.
“AWSRegionArch2AMI” : {
“us-east-1” : { “32” : “ami-31814f58”,“64” : “ami-1b814f72”,“64HVM” : “ami-0da96764” },
“us-west-2” : { “32” : “ami-38fe7308”,“64” : “ami-30fe7300”,“64HVM” : “NOT_YET_SUPPORTED” },
“us-west-1” : { “32” : “ami-11d68a54”,“64” : “ami-1bd68a5e”,
“eu-west-1” : { “32” : “ami-973b06e3”,“64” : “ami-953b06e1”,
“ap-southeast-1” : { “32” : “ami-b4b0cae6”,“64” : “ami-beb0caec”,
“ap-southeast-2” : { “32” : “ami-b3990e89”,“64” : “ami-bd990e87”,
“ap-northeast-1” : { “32” : “ami-0644f007”,“64” : “ami-0a44f00b”,
“sa-east-1” : { “32” : “ami-3e3be423”,“64” : “ami-3c3be421”,“64HVM” : “NOT_YET_SUPPORTED” }
}
},

//资源的申明.必选.
//AWS定义了一个资源清单,每个资源有一个Type,Type的值只能从已有的资源类型选择,不能随意指定.
“Resources” : {

//申请一个EC2实例.这个实例的逻辑名称为WebServer.
//每个资源有一个逻辑名称,在Stack中唯一；当资源创建出来之后,有一个全局唯一的物理ID(PhysicalID),由AWS分配.逻辑名称与PhysicalID对应.
“WebServer”: {
“Type”: “AWS::EC2::Instance”,
“Metadata” : {
“AWS::CloudFormation::Init” : {
“config” : {
“packages” : {
“yum” : {
“httpd” : [],
“php” : [],
“php-mysql” : []
}
},
“sources” : {
“/var/www/html” : “http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz”
},
“files” : {
“/var/www/html/wordpress/wp-config.php” : {
“content” : { “Fn::Join” : [“”,[
“<?phpn”,
“define(‘DB_NAME’,‘”,{“Ref” : “DBName”},“‘);n”,
“define(‘DB_USER’,{“Ref” : “DBUsername”},
“define(‘DB_PASSWORD’,{“Ref” : “DBPassword” },
“define(‘DB_HOST’,{“Fn::GetAtt” : [“DBInstance”,“Endpoint.Address”]},”‘);n”,
“define(‘DB_CHARSET’,‘utf8’);n”,
“define(‘DB_COLLATE’,”);n”
]] },
“mode” : “000644”,
“owner” : “root”,
“group” : “root”
}
},
“services” : {
“sysvinit” : {
“httpd” : { “enabled” : “true”,“ensureRunning” : “true” },
“sendmail” : { “enabled” : “false”,“ensureRunning” : “false” }
}
}
}
}
},
“Properties”: {
//在属性中指定EC2的镜像包AMI.Stack支持FindInMap函数和Ref函数.
//ImageId的值就是通过在AWSRegionArch2AMI这个Map中找指定Zone的镜像.
//其中Zone的名称引用引用AWS::Region这个全局函数返回的值,就是获取当前租户的Zone.
“ImageId” : { “Fn::FindInMap” : [ “AWSRegionArch2AMI”,{ “Ref” : “AWS::Region” },
{ “Fn::FindInMap” : [ “AWSInstanceType2Arch”,{ “Ref” : “InstanceType” },“Arch” ] } ] },
//EC2实例的类型,引用前面Paramters定义的InstanceType值,这个值由用户输入.
“InstanceType” : { “Ref” : “InstanceType” },
“SecurityGroups” : [ {“Ref” : “WebServerSecurityGroup”} ],
“KeyName” : { “Ref” : “KeyName” },

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